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What Countries are Doing

What are countries doing? Find out here.

Across all 197 parties to the UN climate process, countries are tackling the climate crisis mainly through national pledges (“Nationally Determined Contributions,” or NDCs) under the Paris Agreement, plus domestic laws, investments, and international cooperation to cut greenhouse gases and adapt to worsening impacts. Many governments have also adopted (or are considering) “net-zero” targets, meaning they aim to reduce emissions deeply and balance any remaining emissions with removals. Progress varies widely, but the global policy toolkit is becoming more consistent: clean power, cleaner transport, efficiency, methane cuts, nature protection, and climate finance. At the same time, countries are strengthening reporting rules and transparency so progress can be tracked and compared.

Top 20 things countries are doing:
1) Updating/strengthening NDCs (Paris Agreement)
2) Setting net-zero targets
3) Scaling solar and wind
4) Expanding grids and storage
5) Retiring coal / limiting new unabated coal
6) Improving energy efficiency standards
7) Electrifying transport (EV targets/incentives)
8) Expanding public transit and rail
9) Reducing methane (oil/gas, waste, agriculture)
10) Carbon pricing (taxes or cap-and-trade)
11) Cutting fossil-fuel subsidies / reforming them
12) Cleaning industry (standards, electrification, hydrogen)
13) Building decarbonization (codes, retrofits, heat pumps)
14) Protecting/restoring forests and ecosystems
15) Climate-smart agriculture and soil practices
16) Adaptation plans (NAPs), resilient infrastructure
17) Disaster risk reduction and early-warning systems
18) Climate finance (public funds, development banks)
19) Loss-and-damage arrangements and support
20) Transparency, monitoring, and reporting systems

Sources:
https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition
https://www.unep.org/interactives/emissions-gap-report/2024/

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